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Thoracolumbar
Spine Surgery


Thoracolumbar spine surgery is a broad term encompassing various procedures performed on the spine in the middle and upper back region. 

These surgeries address various conditions affecting the vertebrae, discs, nerves, and supporting structures.

Reasons for Surgery

Trauma:

Fractures, dislocations, and other injuries can cause instability and pain. Surgery can help stabilise the spine and relieve pressure on nerves.

Degenerative conditions:

Spinal stenosis, disc herniation, and spondylosis can compress spinal nerves, leading to pain and weakness. Surgery can remove the source of compression and improve nerve function.

Deformities:

Correct deformities like Kyphosis (excessive rounding of the upper back) and scoliosis (lateral curvature of the spine) can cause pain, breathing problems, and other complications. 

Tumors:

Tumors in the spine can cause pain, nerve damage, and instability. Surgery can help remove the tumour or relieve the pressure it causes.

Conditions Treated

Spinal fractures

Fractures, dislocations, and other injuries can cause instability and pain. Surgery can help stabilise the spine and relieve pressure on nerves.

Spinal stenosis

Spinal stenosis, disc herniation, and spondylosis can compress spinal nerves, leading to pain and weakness. Surgery can remove the source of compression and improve nerve function

Spondylolisthesis

Correct deformities like Kyphosis (excessive rounding of the upper back) and scoliosis (lateral curvature of the spine) can cause pain, breathing problems, and other complications.

Scoliosis

Tumors in the spine can cause pain, nerve damage, and instability. Surgery can help remove the tumour or relieve the pressure it causes.

Kyphosis

Excessive curvature of the spine in the upper back, which can lead to pain, posture problems, and difficulty breathing.

Degenerative disc disease

This condition occurs as the discs between the vertebrae wear down, causing pain, stiffness, and instability.

Spinal tumours

These can be cancerous or noncancerous and can cause pain, neurological deficits, and other complications.

Types of Thoracolumbar Spine Surgery

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS)

Fractures, dislocations, and other injuries can cause instability and pain. Surgery can help stabilise the spine and relieve pressure on nerves.

Open surgery

Excessive curvature of the spine in the upper back, which can lead to pain, posture problems, and difficulty breathing.

The Surgery Process

  • Pre-operative planning : We will discuss your medical history, symptoms, and imaging tests to develop a personalised surgical plan.
  • Anaesthesia : You will receive general anaesthesia to keep you asleep and pain-free during the surgery.
  • Incision : The surgeon will make an incision in your back to access the spine.
  • Decompression : If necessary, the surgeon will remove any bone, tissue, or other material compressing nerves.
  • Stabilisation : The surgeon will use screws, rods, plates, or other implants to stabilise the spine and prevent future movement.
  • Fusion : In some cases, the surgeon may fuse adjacent vertebrae to promote healing and provide additional stability.
  • Closure : The surgeon will close the incision and apply dressings.

Recovery


The recovery process after thoracolumbar spine surgery can vary depending on the extent of surgery and your overall health. Generally, you can expect to spend several days in the hospital following surgery. 

During this time, you will receive pain medication, physical therapy, and other supportive care.

After discharge, you must continue physical therapy exercises at home to regain strength, flexibility, and range of motion. The full recovery process can take a few months.

Benefits of Thoracolumbar Spine Surgery

  • Pain relief
  • Improved function
  • Increased stability
  • Correction of deformities
  • Prevention of neurological complications

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